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Qualitative paradigm → Interpretivism/Constructivism As Guba and Lincoln state ‘inquiry takes place as through a one way mirror’. That implies that researcher does not affect a phenomenon under scrutiny or is not affected by it. Epistemologically, researcher and researched are independent entities. Ontologically, the quantitative paradigm considers that there is only one truth, an objective and independent reality. Quantitative paradigm → Positivism/Objectivism The next contrast between these two methods is different paradigms: ’ means a true manifestation of reality to the quantitative investigator and to a qualitative researcher it points to an interpretation that itself becomes reality. Likewise, the phrase ‘the results of research indicate. For instance, “validity” to a quantitative researcher means that results correspond to the essence of things, whereas a qualitative researcher understands “valid” as a word used to an interpretation or description with which one agrees. There are even differences in scientific language used to illustrate them. Qualitative research explores their meaning, why and how they are manifested. That means the researcher is able to investigate the concrete concepts and issues under focus. Moreover, as Bryman indicates, quantitative research is highly structured. On contrary, qualitative research focuses on smaller set of instances to get more detailed, greater explanation. Quantitative research analyses large set of numerical data and generalizes findings. There are certain differences between these two methods. This disregard has led to ‘transforming qualitative inquiry into a procedural variation of quantitative inquiry’. The scholars argue that integrating two methods researcher ignores their totally different nature that is epistemological and paradigmatic differences. They have strongly resisted the combination of two research methods. The active representatives of this stance are Smith and Heshusius. However, there are purists who find mixed methods research not possible or even desirable. He claims that successfully combined methods enhance research process. Bryman suggests that ‘it may even be the case that such investigations will come to be seen as the yardstick for good research’. Indeed, it seems that mixed methods are more popular nowadays. It discusses the mixed methods research opportunities in relation to the work of Clampet-Lundquist, Edin, Kling and Duncan about the different effect of the US Move to opportunity housing program on boys and girls.Ĭombining quantitative and qualitative research methods is not a new approach in Historical, Social and Political Sciences. This article aims at introducing young researchers with research methods and the possibility of integrating quantitative and qualitative research methods in Historical, Social and Political Sciences. The precondition for scientific development is the presence of scholars and professionals with advanced research skills. #Understanding history a primer of historical method pdf update#These institutions will get up to 10 milliard tenges (54 million USD) until 2017 to update their material and technical bases. ![]() #Understanding history a primer of historical method pdf professional#For this purpose, 10 higher education institutions have been selected, which will serve as a platform for scientific and economic development and professional training. The key priority directions are to improve legislation in venture financing, science and innovation support, and commercialization of research products. As was stated in President’s address, the development of science intensive economy will contribute to the Kazakhstan’s research potential. ![]() Nazarbayev focuses on maintenance of scientific and innovative development in his annual address to citizens of Kazakhstan. Its investment to the field increased by more than 5 times during the last decade. The authors present some research methods that could be effectively combined in the research.Īmong Kazakhstan’s priorities is the development of science and innovation. The article discusses all the research stages from methods selection to data analysis. The combination of secondary data analysis and in-depth interview shows that they complemented each other in studying the research question. The article presents the research example that integrated the quantitative and qualitative research methods. It dwells on the epistemological differences of two research methods that further contribute to explaining paradigmatic and pragmatic stances on the use of mixed methods research. This article tackles the possibility of integrating quantitative and qualitative research methods in Historical, Social and Political Sciences. ![]()
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